Child employment licences

Apply for a work permit for a child; find out about child performance and entertainment licences, employment regulations, and chaperones.

Children in employment

Children aged between 13 and 16, while they are still of compulsory school age, can legally work. A child whose 16th birthday occurs between 1 September and 31 August (both dates inclusive) is of compulsory school age until the last Friday in June. Employers can be prosecuted for employing children illegally.

Only certain types of work and certain hours of work are allowed. Employers must obtain a work permit for school age employees.

Children working without a permit may not be covered by any form of insurance, regardless of the policies that the employer has in force. Employers who breach this legislation can face fines of up to £1,000.

How many hours can a child work?

For children under 13 all paid work is prohibited except performance work such as theatre, music performance, television or modelling. This is dealt with separately - see the section on entertainment licences below.

For children aged between 13 and 16, the following rules apply. More information is available at the national network for children in employment and entertainment (NNCEE).

When will the work take place?

13-14

15-16

On a school day
  • not more than 2 hours a day between 7am and 7pm
  • either one hour before school and one hour after school or two hours after school and before 7pm
  • maximum of 12 hours per week
  • not more than 2 hours a day
  • either one hour before school and one hour after school
  • maximum of 12 hours per week
On a Saturday
  • maximum 5 hours per day between 7am and 7pm
  • at least 1 hour break after 4 hours continuous work
  • maximum of 8 hours per day between 7am and 7pm
  • at least 1 hour break after 4 hours continuous work
On a Sunday
  • maximum 2 hours
  • maximum 2 hours
During the school holidays
  • maximum 5 hours per day between 7am and 7pm
  • at least 1 hour break after 4 hours continuous work
  • may not exceed 25 hours per week
  • there must be 2 consecutive weeks of holiday each year
  • maximum of 8 hours per day between 7am and 7pm
  • at least 1 hour break after 4 hours continuous work
  • may not exceed 35 hours per week
  • there must be 2 consecutive weeks of holiday each year

What kind of work can they do?

The employment of young people is subject to a number of Acts & Regulations, in particular:

  • Children and Young Persons Act 1933 to 1968
  • Employment of Children Act 1973
  • Education Act 1944 to 1996
  • Children Act 1989
  • Children (Protection at Work) Regulations 1988
  • North Yorkshire County Council Employment of Children Byelaws 1998

Depending on a young person’s age, the type of work and the hours of work which they may undertake are limited. They will need to apply for a work permit and the type of work will need to be approved.

Examples of work usually approved Examples of work never approved (this is not an exhaustive list)
  • Newspaper delivery
  • Shop work
  • Office work
  • Restaurant/cafe work (not involving cooking)
  • Work in commercial kitchens
  • Work in amusement arcades
  • Cooking food
  • Delivering milk
  • Working in a cinema, theatre or club

About the child employment permit

Our safeguarding unit will consider issuing a work permit on receipt of the application form which has been signed by both the employer and the parent.

Permits are available free of charge.

We must be satisfied that the young person’s health, welfare and ability to take full advantage of their education would not be jeopardised by undertaking such work. The employer is required to complete a risk assessment and share this information with the parent/guardian. On receipt of a request for a work permit, an application form for this purpose is sent either directly to the employer or via the young person to the employer.

We suggest that section 2 is completed first by the employer, as this will confirm the hours and days of work.

The parent then should fill in section 1 and sign it, in agreement with the information on the form.

We retain the right to insist in certain circumstances that a child has a medical examination to prove he/she is fit for work.

A work permit will be issued to the young person if the application is approved, and is valid for 12 months. The permit will contain the following information:

  • the name, date of birth of the young person
  • the hours of employment including breaks
  • the nature of the employment
  • the place of employment
  • the place of education

The permit must be produced for inspection when required by an authorised inspection officer. The headteacher of the child’s school will be advised when a work permit has been issued.

Children in entertainment

Under the Children and Young Persons Act 1963 and the Children (Performances and Activities) (England) Regulations 2014, we are responsible for the licensing of all young people who are of 'compulsory school age' and under (even babies), who appear in performances either on the stage or television, take part in certain sporting activities, or who work as models. You can read the regulations on the Government website.

We will carry out periodic inspections of performances taking place within North Yorkshire to ensure that the restrictions and conditions laid down in the regulations are being strictly adhered to.

Does the child need a performance licence?

Here are some common examples:

The situation Is a license required?
The performance is arranged by a school No
There is no payment to be made to the child, or any other person in respect of the child, other than expenses No
The child has performed on more than three days in the last six months (the "four day rule") Yes
The child has performed on three or fewer days in the last six months No
The performance requires the child to be absent from school Yes - a letter authorising leave must be obtained from the child's school and submitted with the application
The child does not need to miss any school No

Further examples, as well as best practice, can be found at the Government website.

How much in advance do I need to apply for a licence and how much does it cost?

Licences are free if you apply at least ten full working days before the performance.

However, licences can be fast-tracked at a cost of £40 if the application form is received at least three full working days before the performance. The application form must be received fully complete, with required documents included and payment must be made immediately by credit card over the telephone.

To ensure our children are safeguarded and all checks are carried out appropriately, we are unable to process licences which reach us with less than three full working days notice.

What are the restrictions on children in entertainment in relation to performances?

The following regulations apply according to the child's age. More information is available at the national network for children in employment and entertainment website.

Restriction Age 0-4 Age 5-8 Age 9 and over
Maximum number of hours at place of performance or rehearsal (reg. 22) 5 hours 8 hours 9.5 hours
Earliest and latest permitted times at place of performance or rehearsal (reg. 21) 7am to 10pm 7am to 11pm 7am to 11pm
Maximum period of continuous performance or rehearsal 30 minutes 2.5 hours 2.5 hours
Maximum total hours of performance or rehearsal 2 hours 3 hours 5 hours
Minimum intervals for meals and rest (reg. 23)

Breaks must be a minimum of 15 minutes.

If at the place of performance or rehearsal for more than 4 hours, breaks must include at least one 45 minute meal break.

If present at the place of performance or rehearsal for more than 4 hours but less than 8 hours, they must have one meal break of 45 minutes and at least one break of 15 minutes.

If present at the place of performance or rehearsal for 8 hours or more, they must have the breaks stated above plus another break of 15 minutes.

If present at the place of performance or rehearsal for more than 4 hours but less than 8 hours, they must have one meal break of 45 minutes and at least one break of 15 minutes.

If present at the place of performance or rehearsal for 8 hours or more, they must have the breaks stated above plus another break of 15 minutes.

Education (reg. 13) n/a 3 hours per day (maximum of 5 hours per day). 15 hours per week, taught only on school days. Minimum of 6 hours in a week if aggregating over 4 week period or less. 3 hours per day (maximum of 5 hours per day). 15 hours per week, taught only on school days. Minimum of 6 hours in a week if aggregating over 4 week period or less.
Minimum break between performances (reg. 23) 1 hr 30 minutes 1 hr 30 minutes 1 hr 30 minutes
Maximum consecutive days to take part in performance or rehearsal (reg. 26) 6 days 6 days 6 days

Note: Regulation 5 allows the licensing authority to further restrict these permitted hours, breaks etc. and place additional conditions on the licence if this would be in the best interests of the individual child.

Further examples, as well as best practice, can be found at the Government website.

What if I want to licence many children at once?

Body of persons approval

The Children and Young Persons Act 1963 S37(3)(b) gives a local authority the power to issue an exemption licence to a 'body of persons' to enable an organisation to engage children in public performance without the need for separate performance licences to be issued. This is subject to certain criteria being met, and if granted, is known as a body of persons approval.

It is typically used by organisations such as local dramatics groups, or choirs or orchestras. The body of persons approval lasts for a year, and if you hold several performances in that time you do not need to reapply, although you do need to notify us of all performances and children involved.

You can read detailed guidelines on the body of persons approval here. 

Apply for a performance licence

If you are ready to apply for a performance licence please complete the  performance licence application form (pdf / 315 KB)

If you are an organisation licensing many children at once, please complete the  body of persons approval application form (pdf / 472 KB)

Performance licences will only be granted if we are satisfied that all relevant conditions are met as in the guidelines on this page, and that all applicable information has been provided.

If you have any questions, please contact us.

Chaperones

When a child is required to be licensed by the local authority to take part in a performance, whether it is TV, filming, theatre or modelling, the child must be supervised at all times either by their parent/legal guardian or by a licensed chaperone.

Grandparents or other family members are not legal guardians unless they have been appointed as such by the courts.

Chaperones act in the place of a parent by exercising the care which a good parent might reasonably be expected to give that child. Their first priority is always to the child and they must take action to prevent the child performing if it would be detrimental to the child's health, wellbeing and / or education.

Apply for a chaperone licence

Please note: if you do not live in North Yorkshire, you need to contact your own local authority for an application pack.

To apply for a chaperone licence, you need to:

Return your application form to us together with:

  • a passport style photograph
  • a copy of the safeguarding quiz score certificate

You can return your application online or by post. Contact us for details.

Guidance

Please read the following guidance on the The National Network for Children in Employment and Entertainment website:

Please also see The Children (Performance and Activities) (England) Regulations 2014 on the Government legislation website.

Disclosure and Barring Service checks for chaperones

Apply for a Disclosure and Barring Service check 

You can find information about applying for an Enhanced Disclosure and Barring Service check on our website.

Make sure you apply as early as possible as it can take at least four months at key times of the year, for example, summer and Christmas. 

Verify your documents

You will need to provide verified identity documents to support your Disclosure and Barring Service application. 

We can verify your documents once you have submitted your online application. Contact the verification centre closest to you for an appointment.

Verification appointment

You need to explain at your appointment that you are applying to become a child chaperone responsible for looking after children who perform in the theatre and / or on TV. 

Pre-existing Disclosure and Barring Service clearances

If you already have an Enhanced Disclosure and Barring Service clearance, it will only be accepted if it cleared and:

  • it was issued in the last five years and there has been less than three months break in service from the post it relates to
  • it shows North Yorkshire County Council or North Yorkshire Council as the registered body
  • it shows that a check to the Children's Barred list has been carried out with a result of 'None recorded' 

Please note that we do not accept results from the DBS update service.

Further information

If you need help with any of these steps, please contact us.

Safeguarding Children Basic Awareness online course

You need to complete this course as part of your application. You will still need to complete the course even if you have taken a different safeguarding course before. 

Access the course

You will need to contact us to ask for access to the course. Let us know that you are going to be a chaperone and our Training and Learning Service will issue you with a course link. There will not be a fee. 

Quiz score certificate

You will have to answer some questions at the end of the course. After you answer all the questions, the last screen will give you your quiz score. This is your certificate. 

You need to take a screenshot of this page to submit with your application.

Please note that if your current safeguarding course certificate is over three years old, you will need to take the course again. 

Further information

If you need help with any of these steps, please contact us.

Useful downloads for chaperones

Chaperones must complete a  daily record sheet (pdf / 249 KB) for each child performing.

If you have concerns about a child, please visit the North Yorkshire Safeguarding Children Partnership website for details on how to report these concerns.

Read our information for chaperones on allegations.